A brief introduction to the five technical difficulties of Laser Rapid prototyping process

extension of the five technical difficulties of laser Laser Rapid prototyping process, due to the change of the internal molecular structure of the powder during the light curing process, the shrinkage of the curing process is produced, which leads to the deformation of the parts. Most resins have shrinkage properties, usually with a volume shrinkage of 6% and a line shrinkage of 2%. From the molecular point of view, the curing process of photosensitive resin is a process of changing from a single molecule to a polymer. The molecular structure of a single molecule and a polymer is different, so the shrinkage of the curing process itself is an internal process, it is inevitable. This shrinkage is reflected on the part and will result in warping deformation in the cantilever area. Laser Rapid prototyping is a manufacturing method based on the principle of material accumulation, that is, the model is divided into limited layers in the direction of material accumulation. In the direction of layering, after layering, the original continuous surface of the model was discrete. The information obtained is only the contour information and physical information of each layer, and the two sides are lost (Slice)The outer contour surface (Surface sheet) Information, layered thickness indicates the resolution of the recorded model after discrete, the greater the layered thickness, the lower the resolution, the more information is lost, and the greater the error generated by the molding process. The final solid model outer surface is formed by the winding surface of each thin layer outer surface, which causes the step effect laser rapid prototyping to be a manufacturing method based on layered production cumulative molding, in order to ensure the reliable bonding of the two layers, when the laser is required to form a new layer, the laser curing depth Cd is greater than the layered thickness T, which can ensure that the new layer is effectively bonded with the previous layer. However, this will cause the size error of the Z direction of the workpiece. Laser Rapid prototyping control of deformation, by changing the process parameters, scanning methods and even sub-regional scanning effect is not significant, the control of deformation is fundamentally achieved by reducing the shrinkage of the resin, however, the resin with zero shrinkage rate is difficult to achieve. Generally, by optimizing the production direction and adding auxiliary support to the model to balance the shrinkage stress, the warping deformation of the production process of the workpiece is eliminated. The deformation of the workpiece generally occurs in the cantilever area of the workpiece and the bottom surface of the foundation. This paper calls it a deformation surface. By optimizing the production direction, the area that is prone to deformation during prototype production is the smallest, it can effectively eliminate the shrinkage and deformation of the parts in the production process. It can also add support to the cantilever area and the base bottom surface of the workpiece that is prone to deformation during the production process, which can constrain the deformation caused by shrinkage and improve the molding accuracy of the workpiece. The factors that affect the step effect include the inclination angle and the height of the layer. Therefore, when the model data is processed, the production direction should be optimized first, the area of the step effect of each patch of the model in this direction is the smallest. When the production direction is determined, the patch area with large step effect of the model is made by changing the layer thickness, that is to say, the production of the area is cured with a smaller layer thickness, but the process control system is generally complicated and difficult to achieve. Generally, the optimization direction is used to reduce the total step effect of the model. The layered thickness has a great influence on the surface quality of the molded parts. The surface quality reaches the peak with the decrease of the layered thickness, and the surface quality begins to decrease and the roughness rises. The reason for the analysis is that due to the large layered thickness, the reduction of layered thickness weakens the profile of the side of the molded part when the unit body is vertically bonded. 'Phenomenon of aliasing'Thereby improving the surface quality of the forming parts. Therefore, under the premise of ensuring the necessary strength of the molded parts, the appropriate layered thickness must be selected to achieve the best surface quality of the molded parts.

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