America's trade wars heat up as US companies sue

Government documents show that US companies are filing new trade lawsuits against their foreign competitors, with the scope and frequency of lawsuits over 15 years, a new wave of complaints under President Donald Trump

The Washington Post's analysis of the US Department of Commerce data found that since January, there have been 23 new trade disputes in the United States, of which 2017 have been the busiest year since 2001.

The new case targets trade between the United States and 29 counties, the highest in any year since 2001.

The cases include the fighting of South Korean washing machines, Spanish olives, Chinese aluminum foil, Vietnamese toolbox, Argentine biodiesel and Canadian jets.

Trade fighters in the United States include financial-strapped solar panel makers, scaling down the rust strip mills, and a reduced California olive farm.

Several requests were made by foreign companies.

Compared to previous years, some profitable companies have used recent changes in federal law to require the government to impose new restrictions on their foreign competitors.

Complaints surged as the White House Redefined America's role in the global economy.

'Under the direction of President Trump, we have told American businesses that we will be more law enforcement conscious than any recent government, and Commerce Secretary Wilbur Ross said in an email statement: 'While still working on a process of fairness and transparency, it is implemented professionally and fairly. '.

'They know that in the face of unfair trade practices, we will stand with American workers.

'Tariff cases usually start when American companies formally accuse foreign competitors of' dumping 'products in the United States at unfair low prices or benefiting from unfair subsidies, or both.

Then the Commerce Department and a quasi-

The International Trade Commission of the US judiciary decided what to do.

Ross said he hopes the government will bring more lawsuits on its own, which will save the company legal costs.

The Ministry of Commerce took the first step in the tariff action against China's sheet metal dealers in November, the first government-

Action has been initiated since 1985.

The Washington Post's 2017 statistics on 23 new disputes were based on the number of petitioners submitting new tariffs;

For example, if an American company asks for a tariff on products from 10 countries, the position sees it as a new dispute, although such an action will stimulate 10 Commerce Department investigations.

When calculated according to the number of new surveys-

As the Commerce Department tends to represent this trend in press releases --

There were 79 new surveys in 2017, reflecting a significant increase of 65 age points over the previous year, 16-year high.

Since most new cases have just begun to play a role in the government's deliberations, it is too early to judge whether they will eventually succeed.

Some companies are pushing price quotas to ban foreign companies from selling at prices below a given price.

In two cases this year, three companies cited

The United States uses a trade lever known as the 'safeguard' clause, which imposes a blanket tax on the product, regardless of the origin.

This situation is unique because they need a direct logo

Leave from the President;

Before Trump took office, no company has requested protection in this way since 2001.

Chad Bowen said: 'We have seen two of these cases in 2017 and this should be a clear signal that US companies believe the Trump administration will give it protection ,', peterson Institute of International Economics researcher, a research and policy organization focused on global trade.

The Trump administration is preparing to rule the two cases early next year.

S. companies seeking stricter import tariffs believe that trade restrictions are needed to balance the competitive environment of the economy and maintain jobs in the United States, which has little to do with politics or Trump.

For example, a Washington state newspaper company called NORPAC accused Canadian competitors of flooding the U. S. market with cheaper products.

So NORPAC, who sells paper for newspapers and other industries, said it has been forced to cut its staff from about 450 to 350 over the past year.

At the same time, two families

Olive Farm group owned by Bell

Carter foods and mustko family Olive have asked the Commerce Department to boycott Spanish olive farmers, where they say they have set up a well-crafted agricultural subsidy system.

S. alliance of biodiesel manufacturers claims that competitors in Indonesia and Argentina sell their products in the United States at unfair low prices.

It said the Argentine government also gave tax incentives to exporters to unfairly subsidize the industry.

Two companies demanding a package of 'security' protectionGeorgia-

Suniva and Oregon

Headquartered in SolarWorld, United States-

Is the manufacturer of solar panels that produce photovoltaic cells, which are tiny chips that convert solar energy into available power.

In the past few years they have claimed less flooding

Expensive parts from Chinese solar manufacturers put them at a disadvantage;

The two companies have filed for bankruptcy and cut thousands of jobs.

However, their claim is not supported by others in their industry: the trade group Solar Industry Association opposes tariffs, the company believes, this will result in the loss of 88,000 jobs elsewhere in the industry.

In October, the International Trade Commission was good for SolarWorld and Suniva, but the two companies said the tariffs they had suggested were too small.

Other countries seeking tariffs are also less painful.

third company that requires wider protectionChicago-

Whirlpool appliance giant-logged US$5. 4 billion ($7. 7b)

Sales this year

But Whirlpool's profit margin has been falling for years, in part because it claims to lose market share in key product categories --

Washing machine-

South Korean manufacturers LG and Samsung.

Whirlpool believes that they have been dumping washing machines in the United States for many years and moving production centers around the world to avoid earlier tariffs.

Foreign companies pointed out in opposition to tariffs that they also employ Americans.

'No one should doubt our commitment to creating jobs in the United States. S.

John Herrington, senior vice president of Samsung, said in a statement rejecting Whirlpool's tariff claim: 'We have been selling products here for nearly 40 years and have more than 18,000 workers.

'We know what it means to be a US manufacturer, we are a US manufacturer, and in the long run we are a US manufacturer.

'Some companies that require import protection actually belong to foreign countries.

They include American subsidiaries of Nanya plastics.

Taiwanese plastic manufacturers are demanding new restrictions on polyester products in Korea and Taiwan, part of a long period of time

Trade disputes. UK-

Ferroglobe, a metal group based in Australia, Brazil and Norway, asked the United States to limit Silicon metals.

It is launching a parallel trade war in Canada, demanding new restrictions on silicon imports from four countries.

North Carolina, United States of America

subsidiary of one of Mexico's largest textile companies is working with Indorama Ventures USA, an American branch of Indian companies.

They demanded restrictions on textiles from Brazil, Indonesia, South Korea, Pakistan and Taiwan.

Complex international relations for those who demand tariffs

Companies they target tend to have a lot of influence in the US --

Illustrates a problem with import taxes: Foreign companies that find themselves subject to tariffs can sometimes avoid tariffs by moving production to a third country, or even the United States.

'Tariffs really don't work. . .

If you impose tariffs, they can still ship the goods through another country, 'Illinois chief executive Barry Zechman --

Earlier this summer, steel pipe maker Zekelman Industries told cable channel CNBC.

Zekelman works with four other steel companies

Seamless steel pipes for the ancelormittal, PTC Alliance, Webco industry and Michigan-

Calls for a broader quota system to set a fixed minimum price for foreign companies.

Steel companies like Zekelman

About half of the new applications in 2017-

Got more widespread teasing

Earlier in Trump's term, the White House announced it was investigating whether to label foreign brands.

Putting steel and aluminum at national security risk will impose severe restrictions on foreign steel imports.

However, the effort has stalled for more than six months.

In an interview with The Wall Street Journal on July 25, Trump said that any action on special metals 'awaits us to do everything between health care and taxes and even infrastructure.

'Then in November 28, the Ministry of Commerce took very unusual steps to bring a tariff case on its own, requiring China to impose more than the tariff on aluminum plates.

Officials insist the effort is separate from previous special metal investigations.

Compared with the past few years, some companies that filed lawsuits performed relatively well in competition with their competitors.

Boeing, one of the largest exporters in the United States, sells commercial aircraft to airlines, sells advanced weapons to the US military, and maintains a healthy profit margin.

None of this stops Chicago.

Aerospace-based manufacturers claimed in a complaint dated April 27 that they had been illegally injured by Canadian aircraft.

Manufacturer Bombardier has reached a 2016 agreement with Delta Airlines of 75 CS100 jets, requesting 100-to 150-

Seat aircraft from Canada, Boeing has no competition in this category.

Boeing lawyers are likely to be bolder by a 2015 trade law that makes it easier for profitable companies to win trade disputes in the United States.

The trade concessions Extension Act of 2015 prohibits the International Trade Commission from rejecting trade cases purely based on the profitability of petitioning companies.

In September, the Commerce Department issued a ruling in favor of Boeing, proposing a 300 import tariff, which will make it difficult for Bombardier to maintain sales in the United States.

But Bombardier may have found ways to avoid new costs.

The company recently agreed to sell CS100 rights to Airbus, a French manufacturer that is Boeing's main competitor in the commercial aircraft market.

Announcement brings a turning point: Future production of C-

The series will be transferred from Canada to Alabama, where Airbus has operated a production plant.

'It's not to circumvent anything, but the fact is that when you produce an aircraft in the US, it's not bound by any US import tariff rule, said Alain bellemar, president of Bombardier, in October.

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